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<p><strong>編者註：</strong><br><em>這篇文章是由<em>人工智慧程式</em><a href="https://www.perplexity.ai/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">PerplexityAI</a>所整理並撰寫<em>，</em>並由《呷新聞》進行人工審核。</em></p>
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<p>全球能源市場正經歷近年來最劇烈的一次震盪。自今年2月28日美國與以色列聯手對伊朗發動空襲以來，德黑蘭以封鎖全球最重要的石油運輸咽喉——荷姆茲海峽——作為反制，並持續攻擊波斯灣周邊的能源基礎設施。這場地緣政治風暴不僅重創全球原油與天然氣市場，更讓高度依賴進口能源的歐洲陷入嚴峻危機。而面對排山倒海而來的能源帳單，歐盟執委會主席馮德萊恩（Ursula von der Leyen）竟稱，「最便宜的能源，就是不用能源。」</p>
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<p>荷姆茲海峽，寬度最窄處僅約33公里，卻承載著全球將近20%的石油貿易流量。一旦這條航道遭到封鎖，其衝擊絕不僅止於中東地區，而是迅速蔓延至全球每一個加油站、每一座工廠。</p>
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<p><a href="https://www.rte.ie/news/business/2026/0413/1567985-eu-chief-touts-electric-power-strategy-as-crisis-bites/">根據愛爾蘭國家公共媒體RTÉ的報導</a>，自今年2月28日美以聯軍對伊朗發動打擊後，油氣價格已急遽飆升，伊朗更以封鎖荷姆茲海峽、攻擊波斯灣能源設施作為報復手段，直接引爆這場能源危機 。<a href="https://ppl-ai-file-upload.s3.amazonaws.com/web/direct-files/attachments/112814448/498e0f5b-84e1-45a0-b0c0-6517f21c1b43/EU-chief-touts-electric-power-strategy-as-energy-crisis-bites.docx?AWSAccessKeyId=ASIA2F3EMEYEQFUOYLWP&Signature=2P4drBHDcoZ2dDwj83V58IBzpXY%3D&x-amz-security-token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEMH%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaCXVzLWVhc3QtMSJGMEQCIH6JxxQElGmbI8XTHINDsdcLTGUgMqt72VzFntGzk4%2F9AiAgqxcYPLjkw6GpboSXcoJL3nVccw%2FsjNYJebZDp1ffwCr8BAiK%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAEaDDY5OTc1MzMwOTcwNSIMYhZrTLGJnOnzETf5KtAECgD1DR1g%2BHXFEgL8cwJoeMwgLIPNVnwEeB3%2Fb%2FCvQrdr4qsiP7oWKIIY26YYuQeV%2BoujLlAtV1LxA6vXalguawZf0ek0HqJzMyhIw%2FxyfPOeBVpaQuPYocj%2FaAeeH%2BpPQio6yJ2v9K9T33uZl3XlluZBfhGitgTtHZcC71WRcPssisNWESoiglEbvj4CXYB9m0Sa4wueaIC0vgTyildjTGrnqAAQtfjzKO8aHs4sihkTglGURfpF0MaU2MGad5l%2BSvx7uDJSVjkeF1wzLDcDQzJhhb3BVCZz6iyH8eAYBvb%2BH8mmSMFmsm59wI%2BW5%2BnVfW4vzYx%2Bg1QCVc8t%2BnXU8krEfBKeTA8Ld9WGp9zsLsVSiBho3q44vli0CHFRuueAajaQdRdAt%2B10Mk%2FjP8Yw0Ad7Du0djH1mnL828NyO%2BaiC111qSkLcLq16xdAFfiqu%2B2AaSZ%2Ff6Q9iGr45yjvuiOxjSn%2FTXZAn7rpY5g6EB425pm75h5gEiPgVvCxJsAp6noPpiQ0zXou%2B0sxb7pR5xIQ9XcOVBEd%2B8B%2F2aUu9DgZ8RSeiLFUnJzQf6C1VdiZsP0sNkkmHijprbars5R0NUpgv4kelITEy5wJj1diuOEe3MaRut5VwjsKHJnCoi4T3ajhBNOKa%2BV5%2BrCh8JBP3RjpT64wkvhDMz2IhLR4H9GIWWy%2BnVv5ThLJ3ALmQkYbuChwxv5N3MqRhu0xmf2LTqVkdPQeBEQfqf0P%2FeWrEylfi6ykZUoUdKDOcsCyia9ldYFLKGuIZ8l3gkGO8fdCD4DC6gfjOBjqZAc5MC2J86v59PAAvsAxdLBgCBsENSpu6ZfSzNymZkdcewhnMYDBo1bVL1t0vsoSZ8Lt3pygTJMfJRqZfwsmrJuE4NlY4V1bk%2B8doPBHPE%2BboR5E%2FoxE9VMuglIdi8sYidGFDtiLJHY7%2B0Sk1%2BPAd1DLOL62E7D7Dkm0exz7ZyOO%2Bg5sTTESxALhq%2FkZtWnDTsgTZpQhL9qMmOA%3D%3D&Expires=1776158835" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"></a></p>
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